{
 "dataset": "Grey Peptides encyclopedia",
 "version": "2026-10-02.cc01c521",
 "schema": "v1",
 "count": 1,
 "license": "CC BY 4.0",
 "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
 "attribution": "Grey Peptides Editorial Board, Grey Peptides encyclopedia dataset, version 2026-10-02.cc01c521, https://greypeptides.com/data/",
 "dose_note": "Typical doses are reported with their source (prescribing label, human study or community report), as on the site; they describe what a source states and are not recommendations.",
 "homepage": "https://greypeptides.com/data/",
 "api": "https://greypeptides.com/data/v1/compounds/bpc-157.json",
 "record": {
  "id": "bpc-157",
  "name": "BPC-157",
  "aliases": [
   "Body Protective Compound 157",
   "PL 14736",
   "Pentadecapeptide BPC 157"
  ],
  "url": "https://greypeptides.com/encyclopedia/bpc-157/",
  "tier": "full",
  "category": "healing",
  "subcategory": "gastric pentadecapeptide",
  "class": "Synthetic pentadecapeptide derived from a protective sequence in human gastric juice.",
  "moleculeClass": "peptide",
  "tagline": "A synthetic pentadecapeptide from gastric protein, widely studied in animal models for tendon, ligament, and gastrointestinal healing.",
  "oneLiner": "A stable 15-amino-acid fragment of Body Protective Compound isolated from human gastric juice, studied in animal models for tissue repair, angiogenesis, and gut-brain axis effects.",
  "sequence": "GEPPPGKPADDAGLV",
  "molecularFormula": "C62H98N16O22",
  "molecularWeight": 1419.55,
  "halfLife": {
   "value": null,
   "unit": null,
   "range": "short systemic half-life (minutes) but prolonged tissue effect",
   "notes": "Plasma half-life is brief; biological effects persist well beyond plasma clearance, consistent with receptor-mediated and trophic mechanisms."
  },
  "fdaStatus": "research-only",
  "fdaApproved": false,
  "approvalDetails": "Not approved by any regulatory body for any indication. Sold in compounded and research-chemical channels only.",
  "approvedElsewhere": null,
  "wadaStatus": [
   {
    "listYear": 2026,
    "inForce": "2026-01-01",
    "status": "prohibited",
    "section": "S0",
    "named": true,
    "wording": "BPC-157",
    "specified": true,
    "source": "https://www.wada-ama.org/sites/default/files/2025-09/2026list_en_final_clean_september_2025.pdf",
    "reviewed": "2026-09-27",
    "remark": "It is the first substance S0 names, on page 4 of both Lists."
   },
   {
    "listYear": 2027,
    "inForce": "2027-01-01",
    "status": "prohibited",
    "section": "S0",
    "named": true,
    "wording": "BPC-157",
    "specified": true,
    "source": "https://www.wada-ama.org/sites/default/files/2026-09/2027list_en_final_clean_26_august_2026_2.pdf",
    "reviewed": "2026-09-27",
    "remark": "It is the first substance S0 names, on page 4 of both Lists."
   }
  ],
  "evidenceLevel": "low",
  "mechanism": "BPC-157 promotes angiogenesis via upregulation of VEGFR2 expression and activation of the Egr-1/NAB2 pathway, modulates nitric oxide signaling, and interacts with the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems in animal models. Effects are observed on tendon, ligament, muscle, bone, gastrointestinal tissue, and the blood-brain barrier. Despite extensive preclinical literature, no peer-reviewed human efficacy trials have been published as of 2026.",
  "primaryUses": [
   "Tendon and ligament injury (animal models)",
   "Gastrointestinal ulceration (animal models)",
   "Inflammatory bowel disease (preclinical)",
   "Muscle and bone healing (preclinical)"
  ],
  "typicalDose": {
   "range": "250–500",
   "unit": "mcg",
   "frequency": "once or twice daily",
   "route": "subcutaneous (community use); oral forms also common despite unclear bioavailability",
   "notes": "No human dosing has been established through clinical trials. Community-reported dosing ranges widely."
  },
  "related": [
   "tb-500",
   "ghk-cu",
   "kpv"
  ],
  "sources": [
   {
    "citation": "Sever AZ, et al. \"Stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 in the therapy of the rats with bile duct ligation.\" Eur J Pharmacol, 2019;847:130-142. PMID: 30690000.",
    "pmid": "30690000",
    "type": "review"
   },
   {
    "citation": "Chang CH, et al. \"The promoting effect of pentadecapeptide BPC 157 on tendon healing involves tendon outgrowth, cell survival, and cell migration.\" J Appl Physiol, 2011. PMID: 21030672.",
    "pmid": "21030672",
    "type": "review"
   },
   {
    "citation": "Seiwerth S, et al. \"BPC 157 and standard angiogenic growth factors.\" Life Sci, 2018. PMID: 29998800.",
    "pmid": "29998800",
    "type": "pubmed"
   },
   {
    "citation": "Lee E, et al. \"Safety of Intravenous Infusion of BPC157 in Humans: A Pilot Study.\" Altern Ther Health Med, 2025;31(5):20-24. PMID: 40131143.",
    "pmid": "40131143",
    "type": "pubmed"
   },
   {
    "citation": "Vasireddi N, et al. \"Emerging Use of BPC-157 in Orthopaedic Sports Medicine: A Systematic Review.\" HSS J, 2025;21(4):485-495. PMID: 40756949.",
    "pmid": "40756949",
    "type": "pubmed"
   },
   {
    "citation": "Chang CH, et al. \"Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 enhances the growth hormone receptor expression in tendon fibroblasts.\" Molecules, 2014;19(11):19066-77. PMID: 25415472.",
    "pmid": "25415472",
    "type": "pubmed"
   },
   {
    "citation": "Seiwerth S, et al. \"BPC 157 and blood vessels.\" Curr Pharm Des, 2014;20(7):1121-5. PMID: 23782145.",
    "pmid": "23782145",
    "type": "pubmed"
   },
   {
    "citation": "Tudor M, et al. \"Traumatic brain injury in mice and pentadecapeptide BPC 157 effect.\" Regul Pept, 2010;160(1-3):26-32. PMID: 19931318.",
    "pmid": "19931318",
    "type": "pubmed"
   },
   {
    "citation": "Novinscak T, et al. \"Gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as an effective therapy for muscle crush injury in the rat.\" Surg Today, 2008;38(8):716-25. PMID: 18668315.",
    "pmid": "18668315",
    "type": "pubmed"
   },
   {
    "citation": "Xue XC, et al. \"Protective effects of pentadecapeptide BPC 157 on gastric ulcer in rats.\" World J Gastroenterol, 2004;10(7):1032-6. PMID: 15052688.",
    "pmid": "15052688",
    "type": "pubmed"
   },
   {
    "citation": "Sikirić P, et al. \"Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 interactions with adrenergic and dopaminergic systems in mucosal protection in stress.\" Dig Dis Sci, 1997;42(3):661-71. PMID: 9073154.",
    "pmid": "9073154",
    "type": "pubmed"
   },
   {
    "citation": "Hsieh MJ, et al. \"Therapeutic potential of pro-angiogenic BPC157 is associated with VEGFR2 activation and up-regulation.\" J Mol Med (Berl), 2017;95(3):323-333. PMID: 27847966.",
    "pmid": "27847966",
    "type": "pubmed"
   }
  ],
  "lastReviewed": "2026-09-30",
  "publishedAt": "2026-01-15"
 }
}