Alamandine
A close cousin of angiotensin-(1-7) in the body's 'protective' blood-pressure system — vasodilating and anti-fibrotic through a different receptor. A research peptide, not a drug
Alamandine is a seven-amino-acid peptide (Ala-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro) and one of the newest members of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) — the hormone network that controls blood pressure and fluid balance. The RAS has a 'pressor, pro-fibrotic' arm led by angiotensin II and a 'protective' counter-arm led by angiotensin-(1-7). Alamandine, discovered in 2013 and found circulating in human blood, belongs to that protective arm: it is almost identical to angiotensin-(1-7), differing only by an alanine at its start, but it signals through a different receptor — the Mas-related receptor MrgD rather than the Mas receptor. Through it, alamandine relaxes blood vessels via nitric oxide, lowers blood pressure, and shows anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects across the heart, arteries, liver and brain in animal studies. Because it counter-balances the harmful arm of the RAS, it is studied as a lead for heart failure, hypertension, fibrosis and related conditions. Alamandine is an endogenous research peptide; it is not an approved medicine and has not been given to people as a treatment.
No established human dose Details ↓
Recommended Dosing
No established human dose
Alamandine is an endogenous peptide that has never been given to people as a treatment. The work is in animals and cells, where it is given orally, by infusion or directly into tissue at experimental amounts that do not carry over to people.
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What is it?
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is best known for angiotensin II, which raises blood pressure and drives inflammation and tissue scarring. Over the last two decades a 'protective' counter-arm has been mapped: the enzyme ACE2 converts angiotensin II into angiotensin-(1-7), which acts on the Mas receptor to oppose those harmful effects. Alamandine, characterised in 2013, is the newest piece of this protective arm — a heptapeptide almost identical to angiotensin-(1-7) but beginning with an alanine instead of an aspartate.
That single change matters: alamandine does not act on the Mas receptor. Instead it signals through a different protein, the Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptor D (MrgD). It can be made either from angiotensin A or directly from angiotensin-(1-7) by decarboxylation of the N-terminal residue, and it has been detected in human blood, marking it as a genuine endogenous peptide rather than only a laboratory construct.
Functionally, alamandine mirrors angiotensin-(1-7). In animal and cell studies it produces endothelium-dependent vasodilation driven by nitric oxide and lowers blood pressure in hypertensive models. Given orally to mice with pressure-overloaded hearts (from surgical aortic constriction), it reduced the muscle thickening, collagen deposition and signalling changes of cardiac remodeling, and it similarly attenuated the arterial-wall remodeling that the same overload causes — pointing to a cardioprotective role.
Its protective actions extend beyond the heart and vessels. In rodents alamandine reduced liver fibrosis (by curbing NOX4-dependent oxidative stress and restoring normal autophagy), protected the brain in ischemic-stroke models (limiting excitotoxicity, inflammation and cell death), and blunted the heart damage caused by the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin, through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. A recurring theme is that alamandine shifts the RAS balance away from the angiotensin-II axis and toward the protective ACE2/alamandine/MrgD axis.
Alamandine is an endogenous RAS peptide studied as a research tool and a cardioprotective/anti-fibrotic lead. No published study has given alamandine to people as a treatment — the evidence is animal and cell work — it is approved nowhere, and material sold online under its name is an unregulated research chemical. Nothing here is a dose or a therapy; this page records what the published science says.
Mechanism of Action
Alamandine is a RAS heptapeptide ([Ala1]-angiotensin-(1-7)) that signals through the Mas-related receptor MrgD. Through it, alamandine opposes the angiotensin-II axis — producing nitric-oxide-dependent vasodilation and anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects across multiple organs in animal models.
MrgD signalling (protective RAS arm)
Alamandine acts through MrgD, not the Mas receptor, as a counter-regulatory peptide to angiotensin II, formed from angiotensin A or Ang-(1-7) (PMID 24389733).
Vasodilation + anti-fibrotic remodeling
It drives NO-dependent vasodilation and reduces cardiac and arterial fibrosis/remodeling after pressure overload (PMIDs 33124885, 30737255).
Antioxidant / anti-inflammatory organ protection
Alamandine limits oxidative stress and inflammation to protect liver, brain and heart in injury models (PMIDs 32227122, 35125076, 33882726).
Published Research
These are studies of alamandine read from their PubMed records on November 7, 2026: a review introducing it as a new angiotensin-family peptide acting through MrgD, and animal studies of its effects on cardiac remodeling, arterial remodeling, ischemic-stroke neuroprotection, liver fibrosis and doxorubicin cardiotoxicity. Alamandine has not been given to people as a treatment; the evidence is animal and cell work.
Alamandine: a new member of the angiotensin family (review)
A review introducing alamandine as a new derivative of angiotensin-(1-7) within the RAS: it is generated from angiotensin A via ACE2 or directly from Ang-(1-7), acts through the Mas-related receptor MrgD, and is a vasoactive peptide with protective actions similar to Ang-(1-7) — a counter-regulatory mechanism within the renin-angiotensin system.
Oral alamandine improves cardiac remodeling after aortic constriction (mice)
In mice with pressure-overloaded hearts from transverse aortic constriction, oral alamandine for 14 days reduced myocyte hypertrophy, collagen deposition and the expression of MMP-2 and TGF-beta, normalised ERK1/2 and AMPK signalling and increased phospholamban phosphorylation — reinforcing a cardioprotective role against pressure-overload remodeling (a preclinical result).
Alamandine attenuates arterial remodeling after aortic constriction (mice)
Oral alamandine for 14 days reduced aortic media-layer thickening and adventitial cellularity, cut collagen deposition, MMP activity and TGF-beta, and lowered pro-inflammatory TNF-alpha and IL-1beta while raising pro-resolution markers after aortic constriction in mice — anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory vascular protection (a preclinical result).
Alamandine is neuroprotective in ischemic-stroke models
In hippocampal slices under oxygen-glucose deprivation and in rats with carotid-occlusion ischemia, alamandine protected against cell damage, excitotoxicity and death, attenuated neurological deficits and apoptosis, and reduced inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6) while restoring antioxidant defences; the effect was lost when its receptor was blocked (a preclinical result).
Alamandine attenuates liver fibrosis via autophagy and NOX4-ROS
In carbon-tetrachloride-injured rat liver and in hepatic stellate cells, alamandine shifted the RAS balance toward the ACE2/alamandine/MrgD axis and reduced NOX4 protein, hydrogen peroxide and impaired autophagy, lowering collagen synthesis and cell migration — attenuating hepatic fibrosis by curbing oxidative stress (a preclinical result).
Alamandine reduces doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity (rats)
In rats given the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin, co-treatment with alamandine prevented ECG changes, preserved cardiac contractility and architecture, and lowered oxidative-stress markers, inflammatory cytokines and caspase-3, indicating protection against doxorubicin cardiotoxicity via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic actions (a preclinical result).
No Established Human Dose
Alamandine is an endogenous peptide that has never been given to people as a treatment. The work is in animals and cells, where it is given orally, by infusion or directly into tissue at experimental amounts that do not carry over to people. No regulator has approved any dose, and no published human dose exists, so no amount is printed here.
What this rests on: PMID 33124885, PMID 30737255, PMID 32227122.
Educational information, not medical advice. The doses on this page come from approved labels, published studies and, where no study exists, amounts reported by users. None is a recommendation for you. An unapproved compound has no established safe or effective human dose, and products sold for “research use only” are not made or tested for people. Talk to a doctor before acting on anything on this site, including before you start, stop or change any medicine or dose. Full medical disclaimer.
What a Buyer Needs to Know
What is sold, how it is mixed, stored and taken, and what is known about its safety, quality and legal status. Each part names its source. Where we have none, it says unknown.
What is sold
Unknown: we hold no label and no published test that says what forms or vial sizes Alamandine is sold in. A vial's own label is a seller's claim, not a source.
Mixing a vial: a worked example
Unknown: no human dose of Alamandine has been established (see No Established Human Dose below), so there is no amount to work out. The reconstitution calculator does the arithmetic for any vial, water and dose.
Storage before and after mixing
Unknown: no label or published stability study on file says how to store Alamandine, before or after mixing. The mixing guide sets out the general rules, with their sources: keep a mixed vial in the fridge, and use it promptly, as the bacteriostatic water label says of any drug dissolved in it. The 28 days often quoted is the limit for an opened multiple-dose vial from a manufacturer, an outer limit set for sterility, not a time a mixed solution has been shown to keep. Nobody has published how long Alamandine stays intact once mixed.
How it is taken
Unknown: with no established human dose, there is no established way of taking Alamandine. What the human studies gave and how is set out under No Established Human Dose.
What to expect, and when
How long it stays in the body: a half-life of not established for humans as a drug; a short endogenous RAS peptide. After about five half-lives almost none is left.
When effects appear: unknown; no source on this page gives a time to effect for Alamandine. Results reported in the studies are under Published Research.
Source: half-life: PMID 24389733.
Side effects, and when to stop or get help
From the Side Effects section: No human adverse-event data exist: no published study has administered alamandine to people; In animals it is protective — vasodilating, anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant (PMIDs 33124885, 32227122) — but these are preclinical signals, not a human safety profile; As a blood-pressure-lowering vasodilator, excessive or combined blood-pressure effects would be the expected pharmacological caution in any use — a class inference, not human data for this peptide; Material sold online as 'alamandine' is an unregulated research chemical of unverified content. Full list and cautions ↓
When to stop or get help: unknown; no label or trial on file sets rules for stopping Alamandine. Treat a severe or unexpected reaction as a reason to stop and see a doctor.
Source: the Side Effects section below (“Alamandine is a research peptide that has not been given to people as a drug, so there is no human safety profile; the points below reflect that research status”).
Interactions
Unknown: a PubMed search for human interaction studies of Alamandine (reviewed 2026-11-07) found none. Unknown is not the same as safe to combine.
Every peptide's record, with its source: the interaction matrix.
Checking what you bought
Unknown: no published independent test of Alamandine products is in our lab-results database yet, so how products sold under this name measure up is not known.
To read a certificate of analysis, paste it into the COA decoder. Trust & Verification explains what independent testing can and cannot show.
Legal status
US: Research Chemical (Not a drug: Drugs@FDA and the openFDA label endpoint hold no record, and FDA GSRS and ChEMBL hold no drug record for alamandine (searched November 7, 2026)). Sport: Not on the 2026 List.
Country by country ↓ · Regulatory tracker
Source: this entry's approval status and the WADA Prohibited List, as in Legal Status below.
Side Effects & Contraindications
Reported Side Effects
Alamandine is a research peptide that has not been given to people as a drug, so there is no human safety profile; the points below reflect that research status.
Contraindications & Cautions
Alamandine has no approved use and no label. These points reflect its research status.
Legal Status
Alamandine is an endogenous renin-angiotensin-system peptide studied as a research compound; it is not a drug and is not approved in any country.
Frequently Asked Questions
?What is alamandine?
A seven-amino-acid peptide (Ala-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro) of the renin-angiotensin system's protective arm, almost identical to angiotensin-(1-7) but beginning with an alanine and acting through the MrgD receptor. It was discovered in 2013 and circulates in human blood.
?What does it do?
In animal studies it relaxes blood vessels via nitric oxide, lowers blood pressure, and reduces fibrosis and inflammation in the heart, arteries, liver and brain (PMIDs 33124885, 32227122), opposing the harmful angiotensin-II arm of the system.
?How is it different from angiotensin-(1-7)?
They share the same C-terminus and similar protective effects, but alamandine has an N-terminal alanine and signals through the MrgD receptor rather than the Mas receptor that angiotensin-(1-7) uses (PMID 24389733).
?Is it approved or available to buy?
No. Alamandine is not a medicine, has no FDA application or label, and is approved nowhere. Material sold online as alamandine is an unregulated research chemical. Grey Peptides lists no sellers and recommends no source; this page records the published science.
References
- [review] Villela DC, et al. "Alamandine: a new member of the angiotensin family." Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens, 2014;23(2):130-4. PMID: 24389733.
- [animal] Silva MM, et al. "Alamandine improves cardiac remodeling induced by transverse aortic constriction in mice." Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 2021;320(1):H352-H363. PMID: 33124885.
- [animal] de Souza-Neto FP, et al. "Alamandine attenuates arterial remodelling induced by transverse aortic constriction in mice." Clin Sci (Lond), 2019;133(5):629-643. PMID: 30737255.
- [animal] Gonçalves SCA, et al. "Alamandine Induces Neuroprotection in Ischemic Stroke Models." Curr Med Chem, 2022;29(19):3483-3498. PMID: 35125076.
- [animal] Huang Y, et al. "Alamandine attenuates hepatic fibrosis by regulating autophagy induced by NOX4-dependent ROS." Clin Sci (Lond), 2020;134(7):853-869. PMID: 32227122.
- [animal] Hekmat AS, et al. "Alamandine significantly reduces doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats." Hum Exp Toxicol, 2021;40(10):1781-1795. PMID: 33882726.
- [other] UniProt P01019 (ANGT_HUMAN, angiotensinogen), read November 7, 2026: alamandine is a short peptide generated within the renin-angiotensin-system cascade that begins with angiotensinogen; it is the heptapeptide Ala-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro ([Ala1]-angiotensin-(1-7)), not the product of a dedicated gene. https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P01019/entry
- [other] Alamandine was identified and characterised by Santos and colleagues in 2013 as a new component of the renin-angiotensin system; it is formed from angiotensin A or directly from angiotensin-(1-7) by decarboxylation of the N-terminal aspartate to alanine, was detected in human blood, and acts through the Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptor D (MrgD) rather than the Mas receptor used by angiotensin-(1-7). Its formation and pharmacology are described in the review carded on this page (read November 7, 2026).
- [other] US FDA, Drugs@FDA and the openFDA label endpoint, searched November 7, 2026: no application and no label record for alamandine. It is an endogenous RAS peptide studied as a research tool and a cardioprotective lead, not a registered drug; FDA GSRS and ChEMBL hold no drug record for it.
Sources & Citations
The six studies carded above were read from their PubMed records on November 7, 2026. Alamandine's identity ([Ala1]-angiotensin-(1-7), from angiotensin A or Ang-(1-7); precursor angiotensinogen UniProt P01019), its MrgD receptor, and its vasodilator, anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions across heart, vessels, liver and brain are from the review and animal studies carded here; the absence of US approval or a drug record from Drugs@FDA, openFDA, FDA GSRS and ChEMBL was checked the same day. Grey Peptides sells nothing and links to no vendor.
Medical Disclaimer: This content is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, and nothing here is an instruction to obtain or use any compound. Talk to a licensed clinician about your own situation.